Skin exfoliation, what you need to know
By exfoliation, we refer to the natural skin regeneration process through the removal of epidermal cells, so that younger cells can "see the light" and maintain that protective shield that guards us against external aggressions, such as UV rays, pollution, thermal shock, or even contact injuries. It can be done mechanically, with chemical products, or a combination of both. Here are the main characteristics of each.
Mechanical Exfoliation
This refers to any exfoliation generated by causing friction on the skin through the use of different products. Examples include most market exfoliants that scrape off cells, sponges, gloves, massagers, etc.
Chemical Exfoliation
As the name indicates, this is an exfoliation caused by the treatment of active ingredients, generally acids, that create skin abrasion. This method of exfoliation includes products such as creams, gels, and serums. The most common are Glycolic Acid, Salicylic Acid, and Trichloroacetic Acid. They should be used carefully as they can be aggressive on some skin types, and improper use can cause constant irritation.
How often should an exfoliant be used?
As a first recommendation, it will always be better to have exfoliation guided by a professional, as it will depend on and change according to skin type. In general, for mature skin, it is sufficient to perform the operation every three weeks. Let's not forget that cell renewal slows down with age, and a higher frequency of exfoliation can lead to over-sensitizing the epidermis. For younger skin, it will depend on the skin type; for dry and sensitive skin, exfoliate bi-weekly, and for combination and oily skin, weekly. In any case, the exfoliation process should be gentle, at night, and always followed by a moisturizing and nourishing product.
Whether or not to include exfoliation in your routine will depend on the condition of your skin, the environment you live in, and when and how it is performed. It is always preferable to consult a specialist and/or dermatologist.